VARTANIAN RS
DOG MOUNTAIN KAZBEK
VLADIKAVKAZ 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS DOGS 2 Mount Kazbek INTRODUCTION 4 I h and a t v 7 DOGS Mount Kazbek 7 PART II 14 Gergeti TYPE CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD 14 PART III 53 GARBANSKY TYPE CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD 53 PART IV 126 BREED STANDARD "Kazbek tight" 126 COMMENTS TO THE PHOTOS 127-131 143 145 STORIES GNYAS 145 CHRELA 148 Basil 151 Botha and CHITA 158 PROGRESS OF SELENIUM PHELSHA 161
INTRODUCTION I finally found the courage and decided to bring to dog lovers the beauty that surrounds me for many years. I guess I am lucky that I was born here in the Caucasus. Despite the problems, this region has managed to preserve its identity and charm, history and culture. And one of the most amazing of all this are the dogs of the Caucasus. Who at once visited here, I'm not able to remain indifferent to what he sees and hears about these dogs. Caucasus combines a multitude of peoples and cultures. If you dip into the past of the Caucasian peoples living throughout the Caucasus in ancient times and for present time, we can see that the lives of many of them neotem-Lemo associated with cattle. In particular, favorable climate and vast alpine meadows gave the development of sheep breeding. Soba ¬ ki Caucasus were an integral part of the sheep. ¬ menami time it is in decline and then rise again, and also, along with sheep, there were ups and downs in the development of otarnyh dogs. Sadly, twenty years of studying these animals - only a fraction of the history of this unique breed, but maybe this will bring a grain of pain ¬ Shui favor. This time I can not be attributed to the better times of the breed, but, fortunately, there are plenty of people who try to keep these dogs in their pure form, and give them a God of patience and luck in this wonderful business! While I have not had the opportunity to familiarize themselves with all the livestock otarnyh dogs that are in areas along the Caucasus ridge. I have studied the area from the Vladikavkaz (Ordzhonikidze-Ossetia) by Daryal Gorge (Georgian Military Road) to York Highlands (Georgia). Fortunately, this swath of land located in the "heart" of the Caucasus Mountains. All that happened before my eyes with this breed - began in the mid-sixties of the twentieth century. At the age of 8 to 10 years, during summer vacation I went to my parents' home in Nagorno-Karabakh. My route lay through the Georgian Military Highway. Start vacation (early June) coincided with the flocks to overtake sandy lands of Dagestan (city Kochubey) in the mountains of the Caucasus: in South Ossetia, and then further into Georgia. When I came back to the beginning of the school year in late August, then got the autumn flocks of ferrying back to Dagestan. At that time I did not know what to move flocks of sheep. By the beauty of the mountains I'm used to very quickly, but when during the trip, our bus got stuck in a regular stream of sheep, which gets in the way, I am fascinated, watching the sheep, the shepherds, the flocks were driven, and, of course, powerful dogs that are accompanied them. Now, as an adult, I realize that so attracted me to this map does not ¬. Despite all this, you realize that almost a no ¬ several thousand years, nothing has changed in the appearance of nomadic flocks. Tanned faces shepherds dressed in hats and cloaks, in ¬ whip to the horses or donkeys hurdzhiny, sticks with hooks on the end to catch the sheep, horses, harnessed to a sledge. And, of course, powerful dogs that accompany the flock and shepherds. In the moments when the flock was passing the bus, I Zami ¬ plow heart and my thoughts ran to a time when I grow up, to ever come close to these powerful dogs, and possibly acquire such a magnificent animal. But aB ¬ tobus followed on, and I just had to wait for the appearance ¬ leniya next flock. Time inexorably progressed, and with ver ¬ GOVERNMENTAL satellite flocks I could only meet only when traveling on the Georgian Military Highway. Already at the age of fifteen, I with my friend Volodya began to learn the subtleties Tsakulovym training and examination of the exterior of dogs in a club service dog. But, unfortunately, otarnyh dogs while there have been registered. In the early seventies, these dogs were not considered as a promising breed. Moreover, they were considered primitive and uncomfortable in an urban setting. For otarnoy Shepherd was assigned to look stubborn and not aesthetic dog. Day after day, month after month, year after year, studying other species, I have not forgotten about shepherd dogs, which are still occupied, not only my thoughts, and heart. Knowing the nature and behavior of other species, I am increasingly convinced that it is necessary to study population of these dogs and know what they are. More than 20 years studying the Kazbek dogs (Tight) allowed me to see many beautiful dogs that I remembered for a lifetime. But I am sure, if it were not for people who have kept this breed, we would live in a loss and never will know, what are they represent. So it was with many breeds of dogs that ka ¬ zeros in history without even leaving a trace. And we have only to guess ¬, as they were. I am very grateful to those people who were with me series in the study of the Kazbek dogs (Tight), all those who keep it pristine destination, keeping the blood lines. And also all those who helped in the publication of this little book. And the people who provided valuable photographic material.
I h and t with L
DOGS Mount Kazbek In this section I want to tell you about the most ancient breed of dog that is bred shepherds for the Caucasus part of Gro ¬ sion (Kazbegi, Dusheti, Leningori Tionetsky and regions), in North Ossetia, Ingushetia and Chechnya. Just herd shepherd dogs has spread in the Stavropol Territory and on distant lands Dagestan city of Kizlyar and Kochubey. In 1978 I began the study of shepherds in the wild their habitats - in the surrounding areas of Mount Kazbek. The first examined the individual instances in Vladikavkaz (Ordzhonikidze, North Ossetia). Vladikavkaz is located at the entrance to the gorge Darial which passes through the main Caucasus range, and herders, many of Kazbegi district are private residences in the city of Vladikavkaz. Even before the study shepherd dogs of the Caucasus, in my mind, read through the materials on dog breeding, has developed the stereotype of shepherd dogs. This, above all, a gigantic dog growth, shaggy, rough, slow, with interior skeleton, where just a few heavy, with cropped ears and a hairy tail. Getting acquainted with the shepherds, I gradually began to study the population shepherd dogs of the city. I began to meet short-haired dog in the main type. Shepherds praised this kind of shepherd, explaining that such dogs are physically stronger and with greater operational capacity. Those dogs that I saw in their homes, providing security functions. In general, they have increased, not exceeding 75-76 cm in males at the withers and bitches - no more than 72 cm The average growth of males was between 68-72 cm at the withers, females - 63-67 cm Stout, strong rough type-constitution. On the ho ¬ roshey muscled, with the correct structure of fore and hind limbs. Dogs barked at me furiously, looked active, showed uncommon jumping. Average weight, in spite of low growth, ranged from about 45 kg to 60 kg. Frankly, I thought it was not the best dogs in our region and continued to hope to see those dogs, which appeared in my mind. As far as time allowed, I continued to search for new specimens. A year went by, but almost nothing really new is not met. Again and again came across the dogs of the same types of wool, and came across an intermediate type of wool, but they were much smaller. Long-haired individuals were rare, but they can not be distinguished from short-and intermediate dog, but according to the length of the coat. Most striking variety of colors, mostly various color dominance of the spotted color variations: spots of light cream to dark brown, rarely black spots. Also came across solid colors from pure white - red to bright, rarely gray, brown, brindle. It took a lot of time trying to identify the herd, located in the city. Shepherds advised not to waste time and wait for spring driving of flocks in the mountains, because in a short amount of time given the opportunity to see more of the herd shepherd dogs are in the areas adjacent to Mount Kazbek. Shepherds explained when and where better to wait for the flocks and why the span of sheep. In winter, they can not graze in the mountains due to snow avalanches, landslides and fog. So twice a year the shepherds make the transition from the mountains, adjacent to Mount Kazbek, to the steppes of Daghestan (city Kochubei Kizlyar) and Naur steppes (Chechnya) and vice versa. This way, stretching over 400 km long and hard, it takes almost a month. By the end of the way sheep lose weight because of lack of food, as the flocks move in one dedicated route so as not to spoil farmland. Therefore, the first is still enough food, while the rest have to starve. Upon reaching the mountains or the steppes of Dagestan, the sheep during two non ¬ del restore your weight. And then, in late May 1979, I took leave, began to go every day in the village of Balta (North Ossetia), which is 12 km from the city of Vladikavkaz. I found a great place for observation. It was a bridge, where the herds are on the right bank of the river Those ¬ rivers to the left. Here lay their permanent route. During my vacation had to go through all the flocks of these areas. Every morning I went by bus to the intended ¬ IU students and patiently waited for their appearance. A few days later, the flock began to appear, and with them the long-awaited dog. Again, the same dog, just not full of energy, and tired, skinny, slowly coming close to the sheep, saving every move. Some shepherds were tied to the donkeys or the tent, they just looked tired. Could be relatively close approach and deal with them. If granted the case of dogs to lie down and rest, they did not miss this opportunity. But at night, when the flock stopped for the night, the dog transformed and served on the conscience. Yes, it is difficult their path. Seeing all this, I realized that the dog, which I hold in my imagination, apparently, could not get the "black lands" to the mountains. If the dogs of this growth so exhausting that talk about very large and bulky specimens. Specificity of them chose the most optimal growth. The Myth of the enormous size of shepherd dogs cleared completely. The largest specimens that I met were not higher than 75-76 cm at the withers, these individuals were counted units. Most of the dogs had moderate views anger to a stranger. Sure, being in the free content, dogs can not have a significant resentment toward outsiders, as during the transition they are on foreign soil and instinctively do not pay attention to them. But as soon as the flock stops to rest in the dog wakes up instantly instinct to protect. Dogs free content in regular contact with the outside world and they have to adapt socially. Excessively vicious specimens usually do not survive in flocks. Dogs are killed by people on whom they rashly attacked. Much more I learned from the shepherds, and what is not beneath ¬ zreval before. But more on that later. The only inconvenience when watching the dogs in time ferrying lay in the fact that there was little time to communicate with the shepherds, as they did not stop and had to get information on the go. Difficulties were also in dialogue, many of the bad shepherds spoke in Russian or unwilling to communicate because of employment. All their attention has been busy crossing the bridge and exit on a busy highway. Soon the spring was gon flocks, leaving unforgettable impressions. I became a new way to experience and understand the nature of the Caucasus Mountains, as if touched with the remote past, the life of people living in the mountains. Knew the nature of people dealing with this hard work. By the end of the rut was to find out what area the flock close. This could be recognized by the wagon, horses and. of course, dogs. Of the four sheep areas, flocks of which were on this route, the most noteworthy Kazbegi region. Shepherds in the area were more numerous flocks of sheep nourished, many horses and wagons, were more carefully dressed, friendly and talkative. In Russian, they spoke better than others. And finally, the dog ... The best dogs were in Kazbegi shepherds.
Photo 1. Otarnaya dog, age 2 years (female) Gergeti subtype
Photo 2. Driving the flocks
Photo 3. Shepherds of sec. Coby
Photo 4. Kazbegi shepherd dogs
Photo 5. Driving the flocks of North Ossetia, estuary. Kambileevskaya
Photo 6. Flock of Kazbegi on vacation. North Ossetia, with. Kambileevskoe
Most of them - in the property, while in other parts of the greater number of dogs were owned by collective and state farms. Therefore, dogs were herders Kazbegi bo ¬ Leia and strong pedigree. Of course, this stage has left a lot of blank spots in the study population otarnyh dogs. It was seen pain ¬ shoe of shepherd dogs, but to understand this stuff, create some breeding scheme at this stage was not possible. But it became clear is that roughly half of scanned population did not represent any value for breeding. Top Dog Kazbegi. Dusheti, Tianeti Leningor and districts in their total mass one ¬ tipnye, rock and carry the best blood of the Kazbek dogs. Shepherds dogs divide their districts into two subtypes: Gergeti, the roots of these dogs come from the village Gergeti and Garbansky, dogs from the village Garbani. Yet Kazbegi region has concentrated most pedigree herd shepherd dogs. There are two types of dog hair: a short-haired and intermediate type. Each type is noteworthy. We should also note that many otarnye dogs in these areas is not enough of the same type, in connection with the natural process of reproduction. But in spite of it, though it may be noted that in many mountain villages have developed their subtypes dogs. This can be an explanation. For many years the local population of shepherd dogs inbridirovalas and consolidate its subtype. Only in some cases have been reported deliberate mating between individuals that conduction ¬ dilis shepherds. This was done only when in a village was an outstanding specimen, which manifested itself in the work ¬ ones. And then the line has evolved. Basically the same breeding Come lo ¬ spontaneously. Naturally, the shepherds never shared the dogs on the type of wool, as we used to do, and do not interfere with elm ¬ kam between these types. First of all, appreciated the quality of work, physical strength, resistance to the beast, drive in the fights that took place during mating events. Color is also not paid attention.
PART II Gergeti TYPE CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD The first stage scanned the flocks brought some sad-hold: not met a single dog, which was the original ¬ but in my imagination. But at the same time met a dye ¬ sivye harmonious and animals, in which I saw those qualities and traits that are not expected to see the representatives of the breed. In the winter of that year I met a guy from the village of Kazbegi region Pansheti, son of clan shepherd named Samkanashvili. Tamaz, was the name of the guy went in Gorski Agricultural Institute in Ordzho ¬ nikidze (Vladikavkaz). Upon learning that I was interested shepherd dogs, he promised to show the best dogs Kazbegi region. We agreed to meet, and soon went to the shuttle bus for ¬ ce in Kazbegi. Small town with a population of about 5000 people, located in a small valley on the right bank of the Terek River, he kept the charm of the Georgian architecture of the late 19th century. Stone of two and three-story house with a part open, part glazed verandas. Carefully manicured green islands, enclosed by stone walls. The climate here is harsh in winter. The air temperature frequently drops below 30 º C. At an altitude of 2,000 meters above sea level, winds blow ruthless, along Daryalsky Valley. On foot, we went around the village: Gergeti, arsh, Garbani, Sioni, Tharsheti, Akhaltsikhe and the city of Kazbegi, walking 30 miles a day. The first village in which we climbed ¬ Rohe, was the village Gergeti. located directly at the foot of Mount Kazbek. It was a small village located in a picturesque location on the left bank of the Terek River. The slope of the hill on which ¬ rum was a village, rather sloping, and so the houses are located on small terraces. Home neat, stone, with open galleries or balconies. Fences are also made of stones. Streets, if you can call them that (some places do not disperse two cars), very narrow, not asphalt. In the village of 50-70 houses, no more. The biggest attraction - the temple of the Holy Trinity, situated on a hilltop near the village. Yes, God forgive us, but while we were thinking only about the dogs! My guide, Tamaz, began questioning the villagers who are now in homes have dogs, so basically all the dogs were in Dagestan (Kochubey city) to the "black land". All told, the best dog now with flocks, but showed a few old dogs who were no longer able to work in the flocks and keep them in their homes. We started with a dog named Loma (in Georgian - lion). It was a male 12-13 years old, who was lying listlessly in the house. Shorthair, spotted coat color, large, about 73-74 cm at the withers. Say something about the exterior of data it would be inappropriate due to its age, but the head of this dog breed surprised. Shepherds were told that Loma gave many outstanding dogs, and the best of his son, now in health, he was 4 years old. Nickname this dog Tiger, and that no more of this dog in the village Gergeti, and its owner is Hutseshvili Dato. But we had to see Tiger until 1985. Shepherds enthusiastically talked about the power of the Tiger, that he alone could Ataco ¬ vat bear in the mountains. In a fight with other dogs, he was not equal. No dog could not resist the onslaught of the Tiger, but his character was another side: he was not pugnacious toward his fellow, and was lenient with the puppies. Only during courtship tournaments he became ruthless. His grip was so strong that he often broke the limbs of his rivals with his teeth, tiger belonged to subtype Gergeti short-haired dogs. All these stories are intriguing, and we would rather see it. But how? Look for it in the summer in alpine meadows? No one knew exactly where in the mountains is a flock in which the Tiger. My job made it impossible to devote the case for so many days in a row, and had to wait for the fall block. This flock had to drive on winter parking in the village of Zamankul, which is 30 km from the city of Ordzhonikidze (Vladikavkaz). And the day came when I knew exactly the location of the Tigris. My friend, Temirov Taras, who has repeatedly ¬ gal help me in studying livestock shepherd shepherd type of Kazbegi, helped this time. On his car, we quickly found the flock near the village of Zamankul. After passing a few miles of rolling hills, we came to the flock that grazed vbli ¬ su collective farm plantations with zucchini. Ran to meet us three puppies, adolescent, six months, and adult sheep dog. Bitch is not anything interesting in terms of exterior design, but it was wicked. For puppies, we have shown great interest. Immediately it was clear that they - littermates. Just as the shepherd and the adult, they barked at our car and we did not dare get out of it. Approached by two young shepherd, drove a bitch. We got out and met. One of the guys named Gela, he was foreman of another - Dato. We struck up a lively conversation. They began to look at puppies. They were very sociable and have been relatively large for his age: 65 to 68 cm at the withers. The smallest named Keda. Boys affectionately called him Kaki. This dog breed was the head. Middle name Chrela, which means spotted. He was distinguished by a powerful correlation ¬ pusom. And Charlie was the largest. All of them were spotted coat. We learned that the mother of the puppies named Callie hit by a car and died. We were very disappointed. Finally, we got to talking and before Tiger. It turned out that the tiger is hiding from the heat somewhere under the leaves Bahce zucchini. At our request, the shepherds hundred ¬ whether to call him. After a few shouts in the distance appeared mottled ball. Shepherds voice and singing were podtravlivat Tiger that he would soon ¬ ran up to us. We asked the guys if he does not attack us. They calmed down, explaining that the tiger in the daytime is not aggressive to humans. A few seconds later the Tigris ran at full speed to the hillock, where we were. Of course, no story could not convey its magnificence. Has not calmed down breathing, and his muscles were tensed. It was truly a giant, a soldier, ready at any moment upset the enemy. Everything in it was primitive: the original head, all covered with scars, and look, from which it became not on itself, and the mighty trunk and sturdy, like a spring, and limbs. Rather, it looked like a lioness. The same plastic and power. Large. 75-76 cm and the shoulder, somewhat elongated, superb physical development, with the bulk, but at the same time to relief muscular, distinctive head. The head is large, brown in color, with a black mask on his face. Muzzle of a very large, almost equal to the volume of the frontal part. Frons wide, flat, somewhat elongated. Cheeks muscular, developed. Low-set ears. Medium-sized auricle. Dark eyes, straight set. Look heavy, sullen. Lower eyelids slightly damp. Go Stop is almost absent. The impression is that the muzzle - the continuation of the head. The upper lips are thick, pendulous, hiding the lower jaw. The nose is not big. The teeth were very large: a length of approximately 3.5 teeth, see Neck powerful, muscular, somewhat elongated and pronounced withers. The suspension is well marked. Despite the short-haired type, there was a small mane. The back is strong and muscular. The loin is convex with a strong muscular, slightly elongated. The croup is broad muscular, almost horizontal. The tail is curled at one-third into the ring. Chest very deep and long. The shoulder blades are long muscles with the volume. The forelimbs are strong, with strong pasterns. Metacarpus 15 cm hind limbs wide apart, with strong thighs. Hocks strong, but not massive. Coat with a dense undercoat sticking. On the sides, back and tail root big bright red spots. On forelegs little red specks. Having admired these magnificent animals, we are very impressed went home. While the flock wintered in the village of Zamankul, we often came to visit Gelu shed and Dato, and at the same time enjoy the shepherds. Tragically, the Tigris and we have not been photographed. As time passed and "cubs", so we called them, of the puppies have grown into beautiful dogs. The last time we saw them at the age of four years. Keda has remained very small, 70 cm at the withers, but we admired his exotic breed of head and color. Keda means in Georgian - Dove. Nature endowed him with great nervous system. Confident he was not afraid of the beast nor man. During the showdown between the brothers, he often lost them physically, but he took the top due to their strong mentality. He was very energetic, and the brothers felt that power. Gradually became the leader of the KEDA. It is felt in everything, his manner is proud to hold. Everywhere he found himself in the lead, and if it was necessary to start a fight, he was the first. Gela said of Keda, he has a strong heart, and loved him most. Chrela, the middle brother, grew up and turned into a real athlete. As a youth, he had the most powerful and beautiful building, but he had a big drawback - he showed no anger towards the man, but he was also a strong spirit. Externally Chrela was a miniature of his father, but the muzzle was not as massive as that of the Tigris and the spots on the body were not red, and dark brown. But Charlie grew up in this giant - 78 cm at the withers. Unfortunately, the tiger died at the age of six years. We kept only Chrela photo on which you can get some idea of the short-haired dogs Gergeti subtype.
Photo 7. CHRELA. 4 years with. Gergeti The next trip to Gergeti we wanted to see as the outstanding male named Loma, owner Sudzhiashvili Shubin. Shubin - shepherd family, who had at that time the best dogs Gergeti subtype, but differ in the type of hair: they were long-haired. Working on the same qualities that were vicious dogs on people, and boldly attacking bear. On this day we saw only a young female, daughter of Loma named Ty. In the photo you can see eight Tu was six years old when she came to the city of Ordzhonikidze (North Ossetia) to Gegeevu Edward.
Photo 8. LOMA and TU. Zakinskoe gorge. (In the foreground - the one in the background - Loma TU Female, 6 years old, nicknamed Tu, born in 1980. Was taken from the village of Kazbegi region Gergeti Slyusarev Vladimir and presented Gegeevu Edward. One of the best daughters Loma, ow. Sudzhiashvili. Large, 70 cm at the withers, an intermediate type of hair, stocky, strong bitch with good bone, 14 cm metacarpus. Proportionately, a well-developed physically, with a large breed head. Forehead is broad, almost flat, ears placed low, medium-sized auricle. Eyes of medium size, dark, according to TI ¬ planted directly. Two large red spots on the head, separated by a white blaze that starts with the occiput and passing through the middle of the forehead, turning into a white mask, which was a few red specks. Muzzle heavy, somewhat elongated. The nose is big, black, fringed with black lips. The neck is of medium length with a noticeable dewlap, well defined withers, his back slightly softer in the quiescent state. The croup is broad, sloping too. The tail is sickle. Chest broad, good depth. The forelimbs are strong with steep pastern. Hind legs with good thighs and prominent angulated and strong shank, set well apart. Good, strong, springy movement. Spotted in color, big red spots on the sides and at the root of the tail. The front legs have red blotches. The general background of pure white. Vicious, with a strong rough voice. Feel free to attack the bear. Gergeti subtype.
Photo 9. TU (8 years) MUR, another daughter Loma, ow. Sudzhiashvili later was caught during the autumn ferrying in 1986, me and Temirova Taras. She left behind, for whatever reason during the driving of sheep and wandered around the village of Chermen. The four-year bitch, ow. R. Vartanian - Temirov T. Almost longhaired. rupnaya, 70 cm at the withers, strong, bony, metacarpus 14 cm, physically strong female. Stocky, slightly stretched in the case. With a large breed of head, broad at the forehead, with pronounced cheekbones, almost straight-set small ¬ Shimi dark eyes with a very sullen, distrustful eyes. Muzzle rather short, almost rectangular in shape. The nose is of medium size. Edging lips dark. Ears cropped no short, medium size, set low. The head is brown, has a white blaze, starting from the middle of the forehead and ne ¬ rehodyaschaya in several asymmetrical white mask. On a white mask infrequent specks. A few too pronounced occipital protuberance. The neck is of medium length, not filled in the upper part of the suspension is low. Withers pronounced and slightly soft ¬ cotton, cereals, broad, sloping too. Tail bushy, curled into a tight half the steering wheel. Chest broad and deep. Good muscular shoulder blades and shoulders. Forelimbs - no complaints. Hind legs, wide apart, with the correct angulation. Movement of the springy, strong, somewhat heavy. The gray-colored piebald, the neck a large white collar, rolling on the withers and the front of the chest. Wool not sticking, but with a thick undercoat. The front legs are feathered, in the rear - small pants. Quiet, showing aggression toward people only at night. Resistance to the bear has not been established. Voice loud bass
Photo 10. MUR daughter Loma, ow. Sudzhiashvili S. This bitch subsequently kept in the village of HMI (North Ossetia ¬ ment), where we organized a small kennel shepherd shepherds Kazbegi type. Since she showed enough strength of character, we decided not to use it in breeding. After a while it became part of the troop from the city of Ulyanovsk. In the various houses of the village we saw Gergeti dozen purebred dogs that guarded the house. All of them were breeding of two directions: a long-haired - and the bloody dog Sudzhiashvili more short-haired - and the Tiger line Loma, ow. Hutseshvili Dato. But, unfortunately, all that was seen in those years was not sealed well documented, as we had with them photographic, and had no idea that this material needed for a future book that I intended to write is already in adulthood. Many dogs were later described by the memory. Fortunately, at that young age I already had good knowledge on the exterior of dogs. So I was described by an outstanding dog named Repeater, ow. Hutseshvili Rezo from the village of Zion. Best of the Best! Perhaps it was the standard of beauty. Seeing it, we could not take my eyes off this magnificent animal. It was August. Repeater at the time was at home, and the owner let him out into the street, so we'd better consider it. For a moment we just do not find words to express his admiration. The dog was in his prime. Rested at home, he was glowing health. First of all, wool Repeater sparkled in the sun, and it seemed that every strand of wool and thoroughly washed her hair. This quality wool is a shepherd who found the whole summer in the mountains with the sheep. Sterile cleanliness of the slopes of the mountains, slopes continuously purged with air, cold nights, adequate food - all this keeps hair in good condition with no care from the shepherds. But back to the Repeater. The hair on the animal seemed to be electrified, and this charge is felt all over his body. The movements were so light that he seemed to barely touching the ground. Head held high, eyes, radiating courage, and at the same time mischief. Shepherd felt that she admired, and showed itself even more. Repeater for a while froze, raising his head proudly, and gazing toward the mountains. The tail is curled in a tight steering wheel, the back stress trembling, hind legs slightly brushed back, chest, push out. And he seemed to like strela, which is about to release a bow. The host clapped and whistled a few times. Repeater as the lightning jumped up after a few jumps in the mountains. He paused again, taking the same stance, but with a throaty growl. After standing for a few seconds, he was wagging his tail, he returned to the owner. Magnificent animal! With excellent character. In the house he was guarding, and the street was absolutely quiet with us. Importantly, such moments do not be too familiar with Shepherd, and it will harm you. Repeater can not be called athletic dog, he was more the embodiment of the fortress. In 1982, I met a man who lived in the Ukraine in Kiev. He was eager to get to the Caucasus and see for themselves what constitutes a native shepherd dogs of the Caucasus. It was Romanovets Vladimir. Taking a vacation in the summer when the flocks came to the mountains, he arrived at our invitation. At the end of June 1982 we again have to Volodya became even more Romanovtsom study dogs Kazbegi type. Fortunately, he was a photographer, and he made a lot of good pictures of dogs Kazbegi region. A few dozen, he gave us and we will gladly give them to your attention: the village Gergeti, 1982. Photo 11V uniqueness is that it (the foreground) captures the puppy of 3 months named Greyhound owner Sudzhiashvili Shubin. In adulthood, Greyhound has a unique dog for working qualities. In alpine meadows in the mountains he could attack a bear, if he came to his flock of sheep and is reminiscent of the importunate ¬ rum chased guest. Also, Greyhound and a female named Ty was given to his posterity the amazing beauty and working qualities dog named Greyhound-II of whom subsequently developed a line of the best dogs of this subtype, which is preserved to the present day. This line was maintained Samkanashvili Tamaz, and now its best representatives are located in the village of Kazbegi region Pansheti. In 1988 he was found Tamaz blood Gergeti female, who was at the winter parking lot in Dagestan. She was in a place where shepherds Kazbegi hay for the winter. After some negotiations, he took her into a central "room", where he worked.
Photo 11. Puppies (right Hounds)
Photo 12. Dog gate (3 years, short-haired) To clarify: "number" is part of the land area of several kilometers, where the crew of shepherds with a flock, numbering several thousand heads (2 to 5 thousand), and shepherds do not have the right to graze his flock outside the area. It was a dog named Dzukna (with Georgia - female), 6-7 years, intermediate-type sher ¬ STI, brindle. With a white collar, not passing on the front of the chest. Large, 67 cm at the withers, bony, 14 cm metacarpus. Stocky dog with a powerful body and a head breed. She had a strong character and a short stay in the flock took the leading place among females. In 1998, Tamaz walk led her to the Greyhound-II, which was located at a distance of 15 km in another "room", and it happened it to him. Two months later Dzukna whelp in a litter of three puppies: two males and one female. Tamaz grown dog named Boco and a bitch named Toliya.
Photo 13. Borzja-II Boko from Greyhound - II. ow. Sudzhiashvili and Dzukny, ow. Samkanashvili. Gergeti subtype. Large, 71-72 cm at the withers, a spectacular, full strength, physically well-developed male. Deep inbreeding type. With a large breed head. On the head of two dark gray spots, with a broad skull is almost flat forehead. On the forehead of a white blaze on his face turning a generator and a white mask, the mask - specks. Go Stop is smooth, short snout, the volume (10 cm) with thick lips with dark gums and lips with dark strokes. Muzzle tapers little to nose, nose medium-sized black. Eyes of medium size, dark, almost directly planted. Cropped ears are placed above the eye line. Pinna not large. Head is high, proudly. The neck is of medium length, powerful, with advanced nape, is a minor suspension. Mane visible, sticking out. Topline strong and broad. The tail is high, curled in a tight steering wheel (trimmed). Chest broad and deep, with rounded edges. The shoulder blades and shoulders well muscled. The front legs are straight, with almost vertical pasterns and arched feet. Hind legs set well apart, with bulky strong thighs, shins with a rather short and steep short shank. Intermediate type of wool, fur is thick, sticking out, not coarse, black spotted, dark gray spots, specks on the front legs. Movement of the strong, springy, perfectly balanced. Balanced, active in the work. Feel free to attack the bear. Teeth large with a good enamel, correct bite ¬ ny, missing lower first premolars.
Photo 14. Boko from Borzja-II TOLIYA from Greyhound - II, (owner Sudzhiashvili) and Dzukny, (owner Samkanashvili). Gergeti subtype. Pedigree. Large - 67 cm at the withers, strong, graceful, netoropyas ¬ livaya in the movements of a bitch. With beautiful muscled and stocky. The head of pedigree, good proportions, not rough, broad at the forehead, two large brown spots on the head shares the broad white blaze on his forehead, turning into a white mask on his face. Muzzle-filled, short (9 cm). The nose is medium size in black. Stroke dark lips and gums. The eyes are dark, medium-sized. Ears set low, cropped by the "bear".
Photo 15. TOLIYA from Borzja-II The neck is of medium length, well filled in the upper part with a noticeable dewlap. Withers are well pronounced, strong top line is broad, strong croup wide, holds the tail above the back line, curled in a third ring, and trimmed. Chest broad and deep, good length, shoulder blades and shoulders well muscled, the front legs are straight, with almost vertical pasterns. At the rear of the front legs feathered. Hind legs with wide hips with long, short tibia and tarsus vertically set on the hips are pants. Intermediate type of wool. Wool is thick, sticking out, not coarse. Spotted coat. Movement of heavy, slow, motion resembling a lioness. A balanced, sensitive in the female. Good attacking bear. Teeth large, complete, scissor bite. Boko, who later gave a galaxy of prominent sons and daughters, who impressed everyone with his capacity for work. Beautiful exterior and anger to bear - these stable trans ¬ shaft Boko their children. One of the best sons of Boko was named male Petfer. Another outstanding son was born by Boko bitch named Gergeti blood potassium from the village Karkucha. This dog was named Boko-II in honor of his father.
Boko-II Born in 1997. The species, a large 75 cm at the withers, crepe ¬ cue, physically well-developed male proper format. The head is large, the right lines and proportions. Frons wide, flat in Honor, the transition from forehead to muzzle smooth. The muzzle is massive, almost no tapering to the nose, muzzle 5.11 cm thick lips, tight. Eyes small, dark, slightly moist lower lids. Look hard, incredulous. Ears buy-polished, with an average size of the auricle, set low. The neck is of medium length with well-developed and pronounced nape suspension. Withers pronounced, strong topline. Croup nearly the horizontal raised. The tail is sickle scanty. Chest of sufficient depth and width. Forelimbs straight, with stout five-styami, paw-knit, metacarpus 14 cm Hindquarters Wareh-mined extensively, with right angles. Movement with good balance-som. Intermediate type of hair, a mane. Coat not coarse, erect, with thick undercoat. There is little obvious ¬ raw in the front and hind limbs. Color brindle. There are large dark-gray patches with brindle on the flanks, hips, and at the root of the tail. Two large spots on the head, thrilling the entire head and separated by a white blaze running along the groove and mezhlobnoy ending in a white muzzle symmetric weight ¬ Coy. Specks on the front legs. Mistrustful, angry. Scissor bite, teeth large, complete.
Photo 16. Boko-II. VI. Samkanishvili T. . TATUCHI Good type, large, 72 cm, hard, bony, CD ¬ ny, superbly developed physically male. With a large rock ¬ Noah's head. Broad, almost flat forehead. Go Stop is smooth. Muzzle volume, blunt, short (11 cm), black ¬ Noah, a deep mask. Cheekbones and cheeks well developed. Dark eyes, straight ¬ mo-set, small scale, with a tight-fitting lids. Ears cropped, set low, with medium-sized ear cancers ¬ Noah. The neck is short and powerful, with a strong and pronounced nape suspension. Topline strong, broad, with the correct croup. The tail is curled into a ring. Chest broad, with a good muskulatu ¬ swarm of sufficient depth. Forelimbs smooth, with short ¬ Kimi steep pastern, metacarpus 14 cm Paws gathered into a ball. Hind legs wide apart with strong, long thighs and short lower legs vertical and the shank. Movement of the springy, well-balanced. Intermediate ¬ finite type wool, wool structurally unstable, soft to the touch, ¬ schaya been stuck with a rich undercoat, light gray in color, with a little light straw color. A bold, balanced
Photo 17. TATUCHI, 1 year and 4 months. VI. Samkanashvili
I present to you some pictures, I donated to villagers Kazbegi region. Photos of dogs and Shchen ¬ Cove Gergeti subtype mid 60s and a few shots late 80 th year, we have made during visits to the village of Kazbegi district.
Photo 18. Mid-1960s. Male Gergeti subtype
Photo 19. Mid-1960s. Children with a dog otarnoy Gergeti subtype
Photo 20. Mid-60s. Shepherds with puppies.
Photo 21. 1986. GROM, ow. Markarian G. Gergeti subtype
Photo 22. 1987. DESY. ow. R. Vartanian Gergeti subtype
Photo 23. with. Akhaltsikhe. Shepherds from puppies Gergeti The end of the 80s.
Photo 24. Andrei Tikhomirov and Son Ran Kerashvili with puppies Gergeti subtype with. Akhaltsikhe Kazbegi district Unfortunately, not all of the outstanding Shepherd Gergeti subtype leave descendants, which live to this day. These include, in particular, is male, nicknamed Bibi from the village Phelsha. In 1987 at the age of 5 years it has been detected in the flock Temirova Taras. Flock was near the road the Georgian Military Highway to the Crusade Pass. When Taras told me about this dog, I realized that this instance is one of the best dogs Gergeti subtype mid 80s. And indeed, when I saw this magnificent animal, I was struck by the harmony, strength, breed of the dog. Large. 75 cm at the withers (a rarity), with a mighty head, too long snout, a large stucco ¬ large teeth (fangs 4 cm in length). With a rich mane almost longhair coat type. Classical Gergeti color (mottled with white mask, the mask specks), with cropped tail. Its only drawback was injured in his youth back leg. And this gorgeous dog, unfortunately, did not leave behind any offspring, but because of the fact that he lived next door with a dog with outstanding fighting qualities, nicknamed Komsha, (owner Eloshvili Gogi.) Bibi subsequently died of wounds Komshey during mating events. In the mid-80s Komsha was the strongest fighter in the Kazbegi region. KOMSHA Smaller male, 71 cm at the withers. Short-haired type sher ¬ STI. Sable-gray color. Perfectly balanced fi ¬ physically developed male, with very strong ligaments. Had the impression that he is made of granite. Strong type of constitu ¬ tion with a pedigree and a large head. The head is rectangular, with a massive face, not tapering to the nose. The nose is not big. 11 cm length muzzles with excellent large sy ¬ Bami (teeth 3.5 cm). The eyes are dark brown, medium size, straight ¬ mo apart. Ears cropped, with a small auricle. The neck is short, with well developed scruff, suspension noticeable ¬ ny, mane appears. Withers are well developed significantly higher than the topline, strong topline, slightly arched loin. Croup strong tail tailless (born dock-tailed). Chest broad ¬ Kai and deep, with a clearly visible muscles on his shoulders and films ¬ chah. The front legs are straight, with steep pastern. Metacarpus 14 cm with long hind limbs powerful hips, with strong, rather short shank. Movement springy, strong ¬ nye. Anger strangers to moderate. Brave, very porous in ¬ bear dog. Unbeaten fighter. ¬ ny has a strong bite. In terms of conformation data Komshu not belong to any subtype or Kazbek dogs. Apparently, he was a descendant of the mixing of two subtypes, and carried a vivid expression of a specific subtype.
Photo 25. KOMSHA Unfortunately, not always in flocks, with pedigree dog breed are females. And the flock, which was Komsha, was no exception. Despite the fame Komshi around Kazbegi region, they were covered with only two females who had ho ¬ roshy gene pool. These matings were organized person, who understood that only properly chosen queen will give a good breed of dog famous. Now I would like to tell you about a young man, a big fan shepherd shepherds, Gia Hulelidze residing in the village of Arshan, Kazbegi region. Our communication with them during the study population Kazbek Shepherd, just lo ¬ amplified his passion. Within 2 years of Gia with family ties and friends able to focus in the flock of his father a good shepherd stock dogs. At the time he was a young breed dog named Garbanskih blood Chhuba (in Georgian - a fighter.) Chhuba was the son of a blood dog named When (the owner of the village Geladze Ghigo Garbani). Name Chhuba justified embeddable nature of this young dog. In one year and six months already Chhuba could easily deal with any secondary effect on an adult male. Gia loved it, and he strongly encouraged the fighting spirit in this Chhube. Especially because he had a good physique. It was a big dog with an increase of 75 cm at the withers, with a powerful chest and strong powerful jaws. Already two years, Gia began receiving in ¬ tomstvo from Chhuby and tried to raise the puppies in the urban condition ¬ tions, as he lived at a time in the city of Vladikavkaz (Ordzhonikidze). But all his efforts ended in failure. Unfortunately, puppies for ¬ bolevali enteritis and died. At that time, in our town was not qualified veterinarians, and help was not anyone. Soon died and Chhuba, which at that time was the flock in the mountains Khevsureti. And it all happened during one of pustovki Shepherd, Naho-divsheysya in Hulelidze flock. That evening in the mountains with a flock remained a shepherd and sheep dog. Next to a flock flock Hulelidze was from the village of Kazbegi region Ido, and there was a dog named Moore (from the Georgian - black face). Feeling the smell of heat, Moore joined the flock, where he was Chhuba, and got into a fight between them. According to Shepherd, he had never seen such a fight. The man did not prevent this fight, because he feared pocus, poor knowledge of both males. The battle lasted about half an hour. Dogs get tired, rest for a while, and then continued to fight. The shepherd had to go to a nearby flock, to call people, and only after that they were able to separate sticks for catching the sheep and wounded two emaciated dogs. The next day, seeing that Chhuba is wounded and not get up, shepherd, having examined him, I realized that the hardest one ear and wounded. In the shed was creolin bathing sheep and shepherd, without hesitation, he decided to pour undiluted creolin on a torn ear. Whether what creolin the pocket in the ear and burned all the tissue, whether from wounds inflicted, but Chhuba, tormented a few hours, died. He never left behind a worthy offspring. Life is harsh shepherd shepherds and absurdities often killed prominent individuals. Gia for a long time could not without tears, remember your pet. But as time passed, and he bought in the village Kanobi four-bitch named the Quran. She was an intermediate type of hair, brown color, with a powerful breed of head and body. Striking was the girth of the chest: it was 96 cm during the growth of 69 cm at the withers. When the Koran zapustovala, Gia took her in for the winter parking Kochubey flocks happened to Komshey. She gave birth to three puppies, one male and two females. He left his dog, one bitch gave to his friend Yura Kukishvili, and another - Temirova Taras. Taras took the puppy in the gorge to the village Digorsky Matsuta (North Ossetia), where his parents. At the time, Temirova Taras in the village lived Matsuta male 6 years old, nicknamed kiddy. Male was an amazing beauty and harmony. According to Taras, he traded it in on a sheep herders, herding a flock at the pass Crusade, when the kiddy was two months. In 1985 Taras took us to the village Matsuta evaluate your pet, who was then 5 years. Kiddy surpassed all our expectations. This magnificent animal was the very embodiment of the standard of beauty and harmony!
Short-haired coat type, large, 74 cm at the withers, showy and proud, powerful, full of harmony and strength, athletic dog. With a large head, with excellent proportions, clean lines. With dark eyes staring boldly. With a powerful, somewhat smallish neck, with a wide ¬ rokoy withers, outstanding on a strong topline. With well-developed breasts. With the right structure and put the limbs. With strong and confident movements. Sable, red color. Calm and confident. The embodiment of strength and nobility.
Photo 26. Temirov Beslan was a kiddy I985 with. Matsuta. North. Ossetia Kiddy child with a collar did not know, of course, never been on a leash, got good food and grew up in a beautiful belly ¬ Noah. Well guarded house and farm. Fine featured alien animals and not let him to his house. And he knew everything, down to the last chicken, its economy. But, unfortunately, all Digorsky gorge was not worthy to get a good pair of progeny from kiddy. It was decided to pick up as much as possible kiddy rock bitches.
Photo 27. Kiddy
Photo 28. Kiddy
Photo 29. Kiddy.
Photo 30. Temirov Taras and kiddy. In 1985, we had information that the canyon Zaki (North Ossetia) is worth a lot of flocks. In particular, the flocks of collective and state farms in North Ossetia, in which the self-employed work Kazbegi shepherds. On an old car we drove there. A trip to the gorge Zaki remember us for life. Zakinskoe Valley, stretching for several kilometers, have been safe havens for herding the sheep - the mountain slopes are covered with alpine grasses. On the morning of flocks raised in the mountains, and the evening flowed like white threads in the Valley on vacation. We were lucky once. At the entrance to the gorge on the right side of the road is a station of herdsmen. In the parking lot and a few were shepherd dogs. We immediately noted a large, short-haired female light fawn. It was evident that it is empty, as it should for two males, one lighter and smaller, and another much more massive and bigger. Within a short time observing them, it became clear that the leader is not a big dog, but one that is smaller. We summoned the shepherd, to inquire about the Shepherds. The guy was an Ossetian, and he worked with herders Kazbegi. At our request, he called a bitch, so we can better consider it. The closer Shepherd, the wider our eyes opened up. Chita (the name of the dog) was a magnificent animal. Large, 70 cm at the withers, girth of the head of 56 cm, 9.5 cm length muzzles head length 26 cm Bite - undershot without waste. Bust 90cm cannon bone girth 13.5 cm photos and measurements were made later. The first was the question - what day pustovki in Chita? It turned out that the fifth or sixth day - we were lucky again. In our view, there was not a decent pair to Chita, and we offered to give it to us for a few months to mate with the kiddy. Shepherd explained that this female belongs to the shepherds of Kazbegi district, the owner name Jumber, and it is further into the gorge, where the sheep in the flock believes. We drove a little over a kilometer deep into the gorge, and saw the shepherds, sheep counting. There was also Dzhumber. Our proposal Dzhumber received with skepticism, but doubted a long time, in the end, we managed to persuade him. He wrote a note to shepherd the Ossetian, that he gave the Chita and interaction with pleasure ¬ answered a few questions given us. It turned out that Chita 8 years, and that was the last time she gave birth to pups that died a few days after birth. But then we did not attach any importance to this. Another issue which we are very interested in why a small dog
DOG MOUNTAIN KAZBEK
VLADIKAVKAZ 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS DOGS 2 Mount Kazbek INTRODUCTION 4 I h and a t v 7 DOGS Mount Kazbek 7 PART II 14 Gergeti TYPE CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD 14 PART III 53 GARBANSKY TYPE CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD 53 PART IV 126 BREED STANDARD "Kazbek tight" 126 COMMENTS TO THE PHOTOS 127-131 143 145 STORIES GNYAS 145 CHRELA 148 Basil 151 Botha and CHITA 158 PROGRESS OF SELENIUM PHELSHA 161
INTRODUCTION I finally found the courage and decided to bring to dog lovers the beauty that surrounds me for many years. I guess I am lucky that I was born here in the Caucasus. Despite the problems, this region has managed to preserve its identity and charm, history and culture. And one of the most amazing of all this are the dogs of the Caucasus. Who at once visited here, I'm not able to remain indifferent to what he sees and hears about these dogs. Caucasus combines a multitude of peoples and cultures. If you dip into the past of the Caucasian peoples living throughout the Caucasus in ancient times and for present time, we can see that the lives of many of them neotem-Lemo associated with cattle. In particular, favorable climate and vast alpine meadows gave the development of sheep breeding. Soba ¬ ki Caucasus were an integral part of the sheep. ¬ menami time it is in decline and then rise again, and also, along with sheep, there were ups and downs in the development of otarnyh dogs. Sadly, twenty years of studying these animals - only a fraction of the history of this unique breed, but maybe this will bring a grain of pain ¬ Shui favor. This time I can not be attributed to the better times of the breed, but, fortunately, there are plenty of people who try to keep these dogs in their pure form, and give them a God of patience and luck in this wonderful business! While I have not had the opportunity to familiarize themselves with all the livestock otarnyh dogs that are in areas along the Caucasus ridge. I have studied the area from the Vladikavkaz (Ordzhonikidze-Ossetia) by Daryal Gorge (Georgian Military Road) to York Highlands (Georgia). Fortunately, this swath of land located in the "heart" of the Caucasus Mountains. All that happened before my eyes with this breed - began in the mid-sixties of the twentieth century. At the age of 8 to 10 years, during summer vacation I went to my parents' home in Nagorno-Karabakh. My route lay through the Georgian Military Highway. Start vacation (early June) coincided with the flocks to overtake sandy lands of Dagestan (city Kochubey) in the mountains of the Caucasus: in South Ossetia, and then further into Georgia. When I came back to the beginning of the school year in late August, then got the autumn flocks of ferrying back to Dagestan. At that time I did not know what to move flocks of sheep. By the beauty of the mountains I'm used to very quickly, but when during the trip, our bus got stuck in a regular stream of sheep, which gets in the way, I am fascinated, watching the sheep, the shepherds, the flocks were driven, and, of course, powerful dogs that are accompanied them. Now, as an adult, I realize that so attracted me to this map does not ¬. Despite all this, you realize that almost a no ¬ several thousand years, nothing has changed in the appearance of nomadic flocks. Tanned faces shepherds dressed in hats and cloaks, in ¬ whip to the horses or donkeys hurdzhiny, sticks with hooks on the end to catch the sheep, horses, harnessed to a sledge. And, of course, powerful dogs that accompany the flock and shepherds. In the moments when the flock was passing the bus, I Zami ¬ plow heart and my thoughts ran to a time when I grow up, to ever come close to these powerful dogs, and possibly acquire such a magnificent animal. But aB ¬ tobus followed on, and I just had to wait for the appearance ¬ leniya next flock. Time inexorably progressed, and with ver ¬ GOVERNMENTAL satellite flocks I could only meet only when traveling on the Georgian Military Highway. Already at the age of fifteen, I with my friend Volodya began to learn the subtleties Tsakulovym training and examination of the exterior of dogs in a club service dog. But, unfortunately, otarnyh dogs while there have been registered. In the early seventies, these dogs were not considered as a promising breed. Moreover, they were considered primitive and uncomfortable in an urban setting. For otarnoy Shepherd was assigned to look stubborn and not aesthetic dog. Day after day, month after month, year after year, studying other species, I have not forgotten about shepherd dogs, which are still occupied, not only my thoughts, and heart. Knowing the nature and behavior of other species, I am increasingly convinced that it is necessary to study population of these dogs and know what they are. More than 20 years studying the Kazbek dogs (Tight) allowed me to see many beautiful dogs that I remembered for a lifetime. But I am sure, if it were not for people who have kept this breed, we would live in a loss and never will know, what are they represent. So it was with many breeds of dogs that ka ¬ zeros in history without even leaving a trace. And we have only to guess ¬, as they were. I am very grateful to those people who were with me series in the study of the Kazbek dogs (Tight), all those who keep it pristine destination, keeping the blood lines. And also all those who helped in the publication of this little book. And the people who provided valuable photographic material.
I h and t with L
DOGS Mount Kazbek In this section I want to tell you about the most ancient breed of dog that is bred shepherds for the Caucasus part of Gro ¬ sion (Kazbegi, Dusheti, Leningori Tionetsky and regions), in North Ossetia, Ingushetia and Chechnya. Just herd shepherd dogs has spread in the Stavropol Territory and on distant lands Dagestan city of Kizlyar and Kochubey. In 1978 I began the study of shepherds in the wild their habitats - in the surrounding areas of Mount Kazbek. The first examined the individual instances in Vladikavkaz (Ordzhonikidze, North Ossetia). Vladikavkaz is located at the entrance to the gorge Darial which passes through the main Caucasus range, and herders, many of Kazbegi district are private residences in the city of Vladikavkaz. Even before the study shepherd dogs of the Caucasus, in my mind, read through the materials on dog breeding, has developed the stereotype of shepherd dogs. This, above all, a gigantic dog growth, shaggy, rough, slow, with interior skeleton, where just a few heavy, with cropped ears and a hairy tail. Getting acquainted with the shepherds, I gradually began to study the population shepherd dogs of the city. I began to meet short-haired dog in the main type. Shepherds praised this kind of shepherd, explaining that such dogs are physically stronger and with greater operational capacity. Those dogs that I saw in their homes, providing security functions. In general, they have increased, not exceeding 75-76 cm in males at the withers and bitches - no more than 72 cm The average growth of males was between 68-72 cm at the withers, females - 63-67 cm Stout, strong rough type-constitution. On the ho ¬ roshey muscled, with the correct structure of fore and hind limbs. Dogs barked at me furiously, looked active, showed uncommon jumping. Average weight, in spite of low growth, ranged from about 45 kg to 60 kg. Frankly, I thought it was not the best dogs in our region and continued to hope to see those dogs, which appeared in my mind. As far as time allowed, I continued to search for new specimens. A year went by, but almost nothing really new is not met. Again and again came across the dogs of the same types of wool, and came across an intermediate type of wool, but they were much smaller. Long-haired individuals were rare, but they can not be distinguished from short-and intermediate dog, but according to the length of the coat. Most striking variety of colors, mostly various color dominance of the spotted color variations: spots of light cream to dark brown, rarely black spots. Also came across solid colors from pure white - red to bright, rarely gray, brown, brindle. It took a lot of time trying to identify the herd, located in the city. Shepherds advised not to waste time and wait for spring driving of flocks in the mountains, because in a short amount of time given the opportunity to see more of the herd shepherd dogs are in the areas adjacent to Mount Kazbek. Shepherds explained when and where better to wait for the flocks and why the span of sheep. In winter, they can not graze in the mountains due to snow avalanches, landslides and fog. So twice a year the shepherds make the transition from the mountains, adjacent to Mount Kazbek, to the steppes of Daghestan (city Kochubei Kizlyar) and Naur steppes (Chechnya) and vice versa. This way, stretching over 400 km long and hard, it takes almost a month. By the end of the way sheep lose weight because of lack of food, as the flocks move in one dedicated route so as not to spoil farmland. Therefore, the first is still enough food, while the rest have to starve. Upon reaching the mountains or the steppes of Dagestan, the sheep during two non ¬ del restore your weight. And then, in late May 1979, I took leave, began to go every day in the village of Balta (North Ossetia), which is 12 km from the city of Vladikavkaz. I found a great place for observation. It was a bridge, where the herds are on the right bank of the river Those ¬ rivers to the left. Here lay their permanent route. During my vacation had to go through all the flocks of these areas. Every morning I went by bus to the intended ¬ IU students and patiently waited for their appearance. A few days later, the flock began to appear, and with them the long-awaited dog. Again, the same dog, just not full of energy, and tired, skinny, slowly coming close to the sheep, saving every move. Some shepherds were tied to the donkeys or the tent, they just looked tired. Could be relatively close approach and deal with them. If granted the case of dogs to lie down and rest, they did not miss this opportunity. But at night, when the flock stopped for the night, the dog transformed and served on the conscience. Yes, it is difficult their path. Seeing all this, I realized that the dog, which I hold in my imagination, apparently, could not get the "black lands" to the mountains. If the dogs of this growth so exhausting that talk about very large and bulky specimens. Specificity of them chose the most optimal growth. The Myth of the enormous size of shepherd dogs cleared completely. The largest specimens that I met were not higher than 75-76 cm at the withers, these individuals were counted units. Most of the dogs had moderate views anger to a stranger. Sure, being in the free content, dogs can not have a significant resentment toward outsiders, as during the transition they are on foreign soil and instinctively do not pay attention to them. But as soon as the flock stops to rest in the dog wakes up instantly instinct to protect. Dogs free content in regular contact with the outside world and they have to adapt socially. Excessively vicious specimens usually do not survive in flocks. Dogs are killed by people on whom they rashly attacked. Much more I learned from the shepherds, and what is not beneath ¬ zreval before. But more on that later. The only inconvenience when watching the dogs in time ferrying lay in the fact that there was little time to communicate with the shepherds, as they did not stop and had to get information on the go. Difficulties were also in dialogue, many of the bad shepherds spoke in Russian or unwilling to communicate because of employment. All their attention has been busy crossing the bridge and exit on a busy highway. Soon the spring was gon flocks, leaving unforgettable impressions. I became a new way to experience and understand the nature of the Caucasus Mountains, as if touched with the remote past, the life of people living in the mountains. Knew the nature of people dealing with this hard work. By the end of the rut was to find out what area the flock close. This could be recognized by the wagon, horses and. of course, dogs. Of the four sheep areas, flocks of which were on this route, the most noteworthy Kazbegi region. Shepherds in the area were more numerous flocks of sheep nourished, many horses and wagons, were more carefully dressed, friendly and talkative. In Russian, they spoke better than others. And finally, the dog ... The best dogs were in Kazbegi shepherds.
Photo 1. Otarnaya dog, age 2 years (female) Gergeti subtype
Photo 2. Driving the flocks
Photo 3. Shepherds of sec. Coby
Photo 4. Kazbegi shepherd dogs
Photo 5. Driving the flocks of North Ossetia, estuary. Kambileevskaya
Photo 6. Flock of Kazbegi on vacation. North Ossetia, with. Kambileevskoe
Most of them - in the property, while in other parts of the greater number of dogs were owned by collective and state farms. Therefore, dogs were herders Kazbegi bo ¬ Leia and strong pedigree. Of course, this stage has left a lot of blank spots in the study population otarnyh dogs. It was seen pain ¬ shoe of shepherd dogs, but to understand this stuff, create some breeding scheme at this stage was not possible. But it became clear is that roughly half of scanned population did not represent any value for breeding. Top Dog Kazbegi. Dusheti, Tianeti Leningor and districts in their total mass one ¬ tipnye, rock and carry the best blood of the Kazbek dogs. Shepherds dogs divide their districts into two subtypes: Gergeti, the roots of these dogs come from the village Gergeti and Garbansky, dogs from the village Garbani. Yet Kazbegi region has concentrated most pedigree herd shepherd dogs. There are two types of dog hair: a short-haired and intermediate type. Each type is noteworthy. We should also note that many otarnye dogs in these areas is not enough of the same type, in connection with the natural process of reproduction. But in spite of it, though it may be noted that in many mountain villages have developed their subtypes dogs. This can be an explanation. For many years the local population of shepherd dogs inbridirovalas and consolidate its subtype. Only in some cases have been reported deliberate mating between individuals that conduction ¬ dilis shepherds. This was done only when in a village was an outstanding specimen, which manifested itself in the work ¬ ones. And then the line has evolved. Basically the same breeding Come lo ¬ spontaneously. Naturally, the shepherds never shared the dogs on the type of wool, as we used to do, and do not interfere with elm ¬ kam between these types. First of all, appreciated the quality of work, physical strength, resistance to the beast, drive in the fights that took place during mating events. Color is also not paid attention.
PART II Gergeti TYPE CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD The first stage scanned the flocks brought some sad-hold: not met a single dog, which was the original ¬ but in my imagination. But at the same time met a dye ¬ sivye harmonious and animals, in which I saw those qualities and traits that are not expected to see the representatives of the breed. In the winter of that year I met a guy from the village of Kazbegi region Pansheti, son of clan shepherd named Samkanashvili. Tamaz, was the name of the guy went in Gorski Agricultural Institute in Ordzho ¬ nikidze (Vladikavkaz). Upon learning that I was interested shepherd dogs, he promised to show the best dogs Kazbegi region. We agreed to meet, and soon went to the shuttle bus for ¬ ce in Kazbegi. Small town with a population of about 5000 people, located in a small valley on the right bank of the Terek River, he kept the charm of the Georgian architecture of the late 19th century. Stone of two and three-story house with a part open, part glazed verandas. Carefully manicured green islands, enclosed by stone walls. The climate here is harsh in winter. The air temperature frequently drops below 30 º C. At an altitude of 2,000 meters above sea level, winds blow ruthless, along Daryalsky Valley. On foot, we went around the village: Gergeti, arsh, Garbani, Sioni, Tharsheti, Akhaltsikhe and the city of Kazbegi, walking 30 miles a day. The first village in which we climbed ¬ Rohe, was the village Gergeti. located directly at the foot of Mount Kazbek. It was a small village located in a picturesque location on the left bank of the Terek River. The slope of the hill on which ¬ rum was a village, rather sloping, and so the houses are located on small terraces. Home neat, stone, with open galleries or balconies. Fences are also made of stones. Streets, if you can call them that (some places do not disperse two cars), very narrow, not asphalt. In the village of 50-70 houses, no more. The biggest attraction - the temple of the Holy Trinity, situated on a hilltop near the village. Yes, God forgive us, but while we were thinking only about the dogs! My guide, Tamaz, began questioning the villagers who are now in homes have dogs, so basically all the dogs were in Dagestan (Kochubey city) to the "black land". All told, the best dog now with flocks, but showed a few old dogs who were no longer able to work in the flocks and keep them in their homes. We started with a dog named Loma (in Georgian - lion). It was a male 12-13 years old, who was lying listlessly in the house. Shorthair, spotted coat color, large, about 73-74 cm at the withers. Say something about the exterior of data it would be inappropriate due to its age, but the head of this dog breed surprised. Shepherds were told that Loma gave many outstanding dogs, and the best of his son, now in health, he was 4 years old. Nickname this dog Tiger, and that no more of this dog in the village Gergeti, and its owner is Hutseshvili Dato. But we had to see Tiger until 1985. Shepherds enthusiastically talked about the power of the Tiger, that he alone could Ataco ¬ vat bear in the mountains. In a fight with other dogs, he was not equal. No dog could not resist the onslaught of the Tiger, but his character was another side: he was not pugnacious toward his fellow, and was lenient with the puppies. Only during courtship tournaments he became ruthless. His grip was so strong that he often broke the limbs of his rivals with his teeth, tiger belonged to subtype Gergeti short-haired dogs. All these stories are intriguing, and we would rather see it. But how? Look for it in the summer in alpine meadows? No one knew exactly where in the mountains is a flock in which the Tiger. My job made it impossible to devote the case for so many days in a row, and had to wait for the fall block. This flock had to drive on winter parking in the village of Zamankul, which is 30 km from the city of Ordzhonikidze (Vladikavkaz). And the day came when I knew exactly the location of the Tigris. My friend, Temirov Taras, who has repeatedly ¬ gal help me in studying livestock shepherd shepherd type of Kazbegi, helped this time. On his car, we quickly found the flock near the village of Zamankul. After passing a few miles of rolling hills, we came to the flock that grazed vbli ¬ su collective farm plantations with zucchini. Ran to meet us three puppies, adolescent, six months, and adult sheep dog. Bitch is not anything interesting in terms of exterior design, but it was wicked. For puppies, we have shown great interest. Immediately it was clear that they - littermates. Just as the shepherd and the adult, they barked at our car and we did not dare get out of it. Approached by two young shepherd, drove a bitch. We got out and met. One of the guys named Gela, he was foreman of another - Dato. We struck up a lively conversation. They began to look at puppies. They were very sociable and have been relatively large for his age: 65 to 68 cm at the withers. The smallest named Keda. Boys affectionately called him Kaki. This dog breed was the head. Middle name Chrela, which means spotted. He was distinguished by a powerful correlation ¬ pusom. And Charlie was the largest. All of them were spotted coat. We learned that the mother of the puppies named Callie hit by a car and died. We were very disappointed. Finally, we got to talking and before Tiger. It turned out that the tiger is hiding from the heat somewhere under the leaves Bahce zucchini. At our request, the shepherds hundred ¬ whether to call him. After a few shouts in the distance appeared mottled ball. Shepherds voice and singing were podtravlivat Tiger that he would soon ¬ ran up to us. We asked the guys if he does not attack us. They calmed down, explaining that the tiger in the daytime is not aggressive to humans. A few seconds later the Tigris ran at full speed to the hillock, where we were. Of course, no story could not convey its magnificence. Has not calmed down breathing, and his muscles were tensed. It was truly a giant, a soldier, ready at any moment upset the enemy. Everything in it was primitive: the original head, all covered with scars, and look, from which it became not on itself, and the mighty trunk and sturdy, like a spring, and limbs. Rather, it looked like a lioness. The same plastic and power. Large. 75-76 cm and the shoulder, somewhat elongated, superb physical development, with the bulk, but at the same time to relief muscular, distinctive head. The head is large, brown in color, with a black mask on his face. Muzzle of a very large, almost equal to the volume of the frontal part. Frons wide, flat, somewhat elongated. Cheeks muscular, developed. Low-set ears. Medium-sized auricle. Dark eyes, straight set. Look heavy, sullen. Lower eyelids slightly damp. Go Stop is almost absent. The impression is that the muzzle - the continuation of the head. The upper lips are thick, pendulous, hiding the lower jaw. The nose is not big. The teeth were very large: a length of approximately 3.5 teeth, see Neck powerful, muscular, somewhat elongated and pronounced withers. The suspension is well marked. Despite the short-haired type, there was a small mane. The back is strong and muscular. The loin is convex with a strong muscular, slightly elongated. The croup is broad muscular, almost horizontal. The tail is curled at one-third into the ring. Chest very deep and long. The shoulder blades are long muscles with the volume. The forelimbs are strong, with strong pasterns. Metacarpus 15 cm hind limbs wide apart, with strong thighs. Hocks strong, but not massive. Coat with a dense undercoat sticking. On the sides, back and tail root big bright red spots. On forelegs little red specks. Having admired these magnificent animals, we are very impressed went home. While the flock wintered in the village of Zamankul, we often came to visit Gelu shed and Dato, and at the same time enjoy the shepherds. Tragically, the Tigris and we have not been photographed. As time passed and "cubs", so we called them, of the puppies have grown into beautiful dogs. The last time we saw them at the age of four years. Keda has remained very small, 70 cm at the withers, but we admired his exotic breed of head and color. Keda means in Georgian - Dove. Nature endowed him with great nervous system. Confident he was not afraid of the beast nor man. During the showdown between the brothers, he often lost them physically, but he took the top due to their strong mentality. He was very energetic, and the brothers felt that power. Gradually became the leader of the KEDA. It is felt in everything, his manner is proud to hold. Everywhere he found himself in the lead, and if it was necessary to start a fight, he was the first. Gela said of Keda, he has a strong heart, and loved him most. Chrela, the middle brother, grew up and turned into a real athlete. As a youth, he had the most powerful and beautiful building, but he had a big drawback - he showed no anger towards the man, but he was also a strong spirit. Externally Chrela was a miniature of his father, but the muzzle was not as massive as that of the Tigris and the spots on the body were not red, and dark brown. But Charlie grew up in this giant - 78 cm at the withers. Unfortunately, the tiger died at the age of six years. We kept only Chrela photo on which you can get some idea of the short-haired dogs Gergeti subtype.
Photo 7. CHRELA. 4 years with. Gergeti The next trip to Gergeti we wanted to see as the outstanding male named Loma, owner Sudzhiashvili Shubin. Shubin - shepherd family, who had at that time the best dogs Gergeti subtype, but differ in the type of hair: they were long-haired. Working on the same qualities that were vicious dogs on people, and boldly attacking bear. On this day we saw only a young female, daughter of Loma named Ty. In the photo you can see eight Tu was six years old when she came to the city of Ordzhonikidze (North Ossetia) to Gegeevu Edward.
Photo 8. LOMA and TU. Zakinskoe gorge. (In the foreground - the one in the background - Loma TU Female, 6 years old, nicknamed Tu, born in 1980. Was taken from the village of Kazbegi region Gergeti Slyusarev Vladimir and presented Gegeevu Edward. One of the best daughters Loma, ow. Sudzhiashvili. Large, 70 cm at the withers, an intermediate type of hair, stocky, strong bitch with good bone, 14 cm metacarpus. Proportionately, a well-developed physically, with a large breed head. Forehead is broad, almost flat, ears placed low, medium-sized auricle. Eyes of medium size, dark, according to TI ¬ planted directly. Two large red spots on the head, separated by a white blaze that starts with the occiput and passing through the middle of the forehead, turning into a white mask, which was a few red specks. Muzzle heavy, somewhat elongated. The nose is big, black, fringed with black lips. The neck is of medium length with a noticeable dewlap, well defined withers, his back slightly softer in the quiescent state. The croup is broad, sloping too. The tail is sickle. Chest broad, good depth. The forelimbs are strong with steep pastern. Hind legs with good thighs and prominent angulated and strong shank, set well apart. Good, strong, springy movement. Spotted in color, big red spots on the sides and at the root of the tail. The front legs have red blotches. The general background of pure white. Vicious, with a strong rough voice. Feel free to attack the bear. Gergeti subtype.
Photo 9. TU (8 years) MUR, another daughter Loma, ow. Sudzhiashvili later was caught during the autumn ferrying in 1986, me and Temirova Taras. She left behind, for whatever reason during the driving of sheep and wandered around the village of Chermen. The four-year bitch, ow. R. Vartanian - Temirov T. Almost longhaired. rupnaya, 70 cm at the withers, strong, bony, metacarpus 14 cm, physically strong female. Stocky, slightly stretched in the case. With a large breed of head, broad at the forehead, with pronounced cheekbones, almost straight-set small ¬ Shimi dark eyes with a very sullen, distrustful eyes. Muzzle rather short, almost rectangular in shape. The nose is of medium size. Edging lips dark. Ears cropped no short, medium size, set low. The head is brown, has a white blaze, starting from the middle of the forehead and ne ¬ rehodyaschaya in several asymmetrical white mask. On a white mask infrequent specks. A few too pronounced occipital protuberance. The neck is of medium length, not filled in the upper part of the suspension is low. Withers pronounced and slightly soft ¬ cotton, cereals, broad, sloping too. Tail bushy, curled into a tight half the steering wheel. Chest broad and deep. Good muscular shoulder blades and shoulders. Forelimbs - no complaints. Hind legs, wide apart, with the correct angulation. Movement of the springy, strong, somewhat heavy. The gray-colored piebald, the neck a large white collar, rolling on the withers and the front of the chest. Wool not sticking, but with a thick undercoat. The front legs are feathered, in the rear - small pants. Quiet, showing aggression toward people only at night. Resistance to the bear has not been established. Voice loud bass
Photo 10. MUR daughter Loma, ow. Sudzhiashvili S. This bitch subsequently kept in the village of HMI (North Ossetia ¬ ment), where we organized a small kennel shepherd shepherds Kazbegi type. Since she showed enough strength of character, we decided not to use it in breeding. After a while it became part of the troop from the city of Ulyanovsk. In the various houses of the village we saw Gergeti dozen purebred dogs that guarded the house. All of them were breeding of two directions: a long-haired - and the bloody dog Sudzhiashvili more short-haired - and the Tiger line Loma, ow. Hutseshvili Dato. But, unfortunately, all that was seen in those years was not sealed well documented, as we had with them photographic, and had no idea that this material needed for a future book that I intended to write is already in adulthood. Many dogs were later described by the memory. Fortunately, at that young age I already had good knowledge on the exterior of dogs. So I was described by an outstanding dog named Repeater, ow. Hutseshvili Rezo from the village of Zion. Best of the Best! Perhaps it was the standard of beauty. Seeing it, we could not take my eyes off this magnificent animal. It was August. Repeater at the time was at home, and the owner let him out into the street, so we'd better consider it. For a moment we just do not find words to express his admiration. The dog was in his prime. Rested at home, he was glowing health. First of all, wool Repeater sparkled in the sun, and it seemed that every strand of wool and thoroughly washed her hair. This quality wool is a shepherd who found the whole summer in the mountains with the sheep. Sterile cleanliness of the slopes of the mountains, slopes continuously purged with air, cold nights, adequate food - all this keeps hair in good condition with no care from the shepherds. But back to the Repeater. The hair on the animal seemed to be electrified, and this charge is felt all over his body. The movements were so light that he seemed to barely touching the ground. Head held high, eyes, radiating courage, and at the same time mischief. Shepherd felt that she admired, and showed itself even more. Repeater for a while froze, raising his head proudly, and gazing toward the mountains. The tail is curled in a tight steering wheel, the back stress trembling, hind legs slightly brushed back, chest, push out. And he seemed to like strela, which is about to release a bow. The host clapped and whistled a few times. Repeater as the lightning jumped up after a few jumps in the mountains. He paused again, taking the same stance, but with a throaty growl. After standing for a few seconds, he was wagging his tail, he returned to the owner. Magnificent animal! With excellent character. In the house he was guarding, and the street was absolutely quiet with us. Importantly, such moments do not be too familiar with Shepherd, and it will harm you. Repeater can not be called athletic dog, he was more the embodiment of the fortress. In 1982, I met a man who lived in the Ukraine in Kiev. He was eager to get to the Caucasus and see for themselves what constitutes a native shepherd dogs of the Caucasus. It was Romanovets Vladimir. Taking a vacation in the summer when the flocks came to the mountains, he arrived at our invitation. At the end of June 1982 we again have to Volodya became even more Romanovtsom study dogs Kazbegi type. Fortunately, he was a photographer, and he made a lot of good pictures of dogs Kazbegi region. A few dozen, he gave us and we will gladly give them to your attention: the village Gergeti, 1982. Photo 11V uniqueness is that it (the foreground) captures the puppy of 3 months named Greyhound owner Sudzhiashvili Shubin. In adulthood, Greyhound has a unique dog for working qualities. In alpine meadows in the mountains he could attack a bear, if he came to his flock of sheep and is reminiscent of the importunate ¬ rum chased guest. Also, Greyhound and a female named Ty was given to his posterity the amazing beauty and working qualities dog named Greyhound-II of whom subsequently developed a line of the best dogs of this subtype, which is preserved to the present day. This line was maintained Samkanashvili Tamaz, and now its best representatives are located in the village of Kazbegi region Pansheti. In 1988 he was found Tamaz blood Gergeti female, who was at the winter parking lot in Dagestan. She was in a place where shepherds Kazbegi hay for the winter. After some negotiations, he took her into a central "room", where he worked.
Photo 11. Puppies (right Hounds)
Photo 12. Dog gate (3 years, short-haired) To clarify: "number" is part of the land area of several kilometers, where the crew of shepherds with a flock, numbering several thousand heads (2 to 5 thousand), and shepherds do not have the right to graze his flock outside the area. It was a dog named Dzukna (with Georgia - female), 6-7 years, intermediate-type sher ¬ STI, brindle. With a white collar, not passing on the front of the chest. Large, 67 cm at the withers, bony, 14 cm metacarpus. Stocky dog with a powerful body and a head breed. She had a strong character and a short stay in the flock took the leading place among females. In 1998, Tamaz walk led her to the Greyhound-II, which was located at a distance of 15 km in another "room", and it happened it to him. Two months later Dzukna whelp in a litter of three puppies: two males and one female. Tamaz grown dog named Boco and a bitch named Toliya.
Photo 13. Borzja-II Boko from Greyhound - II. ow. Sudzhiashvili and Dzukny, ow. Samkanashvili. Gergeti subtype. Large, 71-72 cm at the withers, a spectacular, full strength, physically well-developed male. Deep inbreeding type. With a large breed head. On the head of two dark gray spots, with a broad skull is almost flat forehead. On the forehead of a white blaze on his face turning a generator and a white mask, the mask - specks. Go Stop is smooth, short snout, the volume (10 cm) with thick lips with dark gums and lips with dark strokes. Muzzle tapers little to nose, nose medium-sized black. Eyes of medium size, dark, almost directly planted. Cropped ears are placed above the eye line. Pinna not large. Head is high, proudly. The neck is of medium length, powerful, with advanced nape, is a minor suspension. Mane visible, sticking out. Topline strong and broad. The tail is high, curled in a tight steering wheel (trimmed). Chest broad and deep, with rounded edges. The shoulder blades and shoulders well muscled. The front legs are straight, with almost vertical pasterns and arched feet. Hind legs set well apart, with bulky strong thighs, shins with a rather short and steep short shank. Intermediate type of wool, fur is thick, sticking out, not coarse, black spotted, dark gray spots, specks on the front legs. Movement of the strong, springy, perfectly balanced. Balanced, active in the work. Feel free to attack the bear. Teeth large with a good enamel, correct bite ¬ ny, missing lower first premolars.
Photo 14. Boko from Borzja-II TOLIYA from Greyhound - II, (owner Sudzhiashvili) and Dzukny, (owner Samkanashvili). Gergeti subtype. Pedigree. Large - 67 cm at the withers, strong, graceful, netoropyas ¬ livaya in the movements of a bitch. With beautiful muscled and stocky. The head of pedigree, good proportions, not rough, broad at the forehead, two large brown spots on the head shares the broad white blaze on his forehead, turning into a white mask on his face. Muzzle-filled, short (9 cm). The nose is medium size in black. Stroke dark lips and gums. The eyes are dark, medium-sized. Ears set low, cropped by the "bear".
Photo 15. TOLIYA from Borzja-II The neck is of medium length, well filled in the upper part with a noticeable dewlap. Withers are well pronounced, strong top line is broad, strong croup wide, holds the tail above the back line, curled in a third ring, and trimmed. Chest broad and deep, good length, shoulder blades and shoulders well muscled, the front legs are straight, with almost vertical pasterns. At the rear of the front legs feathered. Hind legs with wide hips with long, short tibia and tarsus vertically set on the hips are pants. Intermediate type of wool. Wool is thick, sticking out, not coarse. Spotted coat. Movement of heavy, slow, motion resembling a lioness. A balanced, sensitive in the female. Good attacking bear. Teeth large, complete, scissor bite. Boko, who later gave a galaxy of prominent sons and daughters, who impressed everyone with his capacity for work. Beautiful exterior and anger to bear - these stable trans ¬ shaft Boko their children. One of the best sons of Boko was named male Petfer. Another outstanding son was born by Boko bitch named Gergeti blood potassium from the village Karkucha. This dog was named Boko-II in honor of his father.
Boko-II Born in 1997. The species, a large 75 cm at the withers, crepe ¬ cue, physically well-developed male proper format. The head is large, the right lines and proportions. Frons wide, flat in Honor, the transition from forehead to muzzle smooth. The muzzle is massive, almost no tapering to the nose, muzzle 5.11 cm thick lips, tight. Eyes small, dark, slightly moist lower lids. Look hard, incredulous. Ears buy-polished, with an average size of the auricle, set low. The neck is of medium length with well-developed and pronounced nape suspension. Withers pronounced, strong topline. Croup nearly the horizontal raised. The tail is sickle scanty. Chest of sufficient depth and width. Forelimbs straight, with stout five-styami, paw-knit, metacarpus 14 cm Hindquarters Wareh-mined extensively, with right angles. Movement with good balance-som. Intermediate type of hair, a mane. Coat not coarse, erect, with thick undercoat. There is little obvious ¬ raw in the front and hind limbs. Color brindle. There are large dark-gray patches with brindle on the flanks, hips, and at the root of the tail. Two large spots on the head, thrilling the entire head and separated by a white blaze running along the groove and mezhlobnoy ending in a white muzzle symmetric weight ¬ Coy. Specks on the front legs. Mistrustful, angry. Scissor bite, teeth large, complete.
Photo 16. Boko-II. VI. Samkanishvili T. . TATUCHI Good type, large, 72 cm, hard, bony, CD ¬ ny, superbly developed physically male. With a large rock ¬ Noah's head. Broad, almost flat forehead. Go Stop is smooth. Muzzle volume, blunt, short (11 cm), black ¬ Noah, a deep mask. Cheekbones and cheeks well developed. Dark eyes, straight ¬ mo-set, small scale, with a tight-fitting lids. Ears cropped, set low, with medium-sized ear cancers ¬ Noah. The neck is short and powerful, with a strong and pronounced nape suspension. Topline strong, broad, with the correct croup. The tail is curled into a ring. Chest broad, with a good muskulatu ¬ swarm of sufficient depth. Forelimbs smooth, with short ¬ Kimi steep pastern, metacarpus 14 cm Paws gathered into a ball. Hind legs wide apart with strong, long thighs and short lower legs vertical and the shank. Movement of the springy, well-balanced. Intermediate ¬ finite type wool, wool structurally unstable, soft to the touch, ¬ schaya been stuck with a rich undercoat, light gray in color, with a little light straw color. A bold, balanced
Photo 17. TATUCHI, 1 year and 4 months. VI. Samkanashvili
I present to you some pictures, I donated to villagers Kazbegi region. Photos of dogs and Shchen ¬ Cove Gergeti subtype mid 60s and a few shots late 80 th year, we have made during visits to the village of Kazbegi district.
Photo 18. Mid-1960s. Male Gergeti subtype
Photo 19. Mid-1960s. Children with a dog otarnoy Gergeti subtype
Photo 20. Mid-60s. Shepherds with puppies.
Photo 21. 1986. GROM, ow. Markarian G. Gergeti subtype
Photo 22. 1987. DESY. ow. R. Vartanian Gergeti subtype
Photo 23. with. Akhaltsikhe. Shepherds from puppies Gergeti The end of the 80s.
Photo 24. Andrei Tikhomirov and Son Ran Kerashvili with puppies Gergeti subtype with. Akhaltsikhe Kazbegi district Unfortunately, not all of the outstanding Shepherd Gergeti subtype leave descendants, which live to this day. These include, in particular, is male, nicknamed Bibi from the village Phelsha. In 1987 at the age of 5 years it has been detected in the flock Temirova Taras. Flock was near the road the Georgian Military Highway to the Crusade Pass. When Taras told me about this dog, I realized that this instance is one of the best dogs Gergeti subtype mid 80s. And indeed, when I saw this magnificent animal, I was struck by the harmony, strength, breed of the dog. Large. 75 cm at the withers (a rarity), with a mighty head, too long snout, a large stucco ¬ large teeth (fangs 4 cm in length). With a rich mane almost longhair coat type. Classical Gergeti color (mottled with white mask, the mask specks), with cropped tail. Its only drawback was injured in his youth back leg. And this gorgeous dog, unfortunately, did not leave behind any offspring, but because of the fact that he lived next door with a dog with outstanding fighting qualities, nicknamed Komsha, (owner Eloshvili Gogi.) Bibi subsequently died of wounds Komshey during mating events. In the mid-80s Komsha was the strongest fighter in the Kazbegi region. KOMSHA Smaller male, 71 cm at the withers. Short-haired type sher ¬ STI. Sable-gray color. Perfectly balanced fi ¬ physically developed male, with very strong ligaments. Had the impression that he is made of granite. Strong type of constitu ¬ tion with a pedigree and a large head. The head is rectangular, with a massive face, not tapering to the nose. The nose is not big. 11 cm length muzzles with excellent large sy ¬ Bami (teeth 3.5 cm). The eyes are dark brown, medium size, straight ¬ mo apart. Ears cropped, with a small auricle. The neck is short, with well developed scruff, suspension noticeable ¬ ny, mane appears. Withers are well developed significantly higher than the topline, strong topline, slightly arched loin. Croup strong tail tailless (born dock-tailed). Chest broad ¬ Kai and deep, with a clearly visible muscles on his shoulders and films ¬ chah. The front legs are straight, with steep pastern. Metacarpus 14 cm with long hind limbs powerful hips, with strong, rather short shank. Movement springy, strong ¬ nye. Anger strangers to moderate. Brave, very porous in ¬ bear dog. Unbeaten fighter. ¬ ny has a strong bite. In terms of conformation data Komshu not belong to any subtype or Kazbek dogs. Apparently, he was a descendant of the mixing of two subtypes, and carried a vivid expression of a specific subtype.
Photo 25. KOMSHA Unfortunately, not always in flocks, with pedigree dog breed are females. And the flock, which was Komsha, was no exception. Despite the fame Komshi around Kazbegi region, they were covered with only two females who had ho ¬ roshy gene pool. These matings were organized person, who understood that only properly chosen queen will give a good breed of dog famous. Now I would like to tell you about a young man, a big fan shepherd shepherds, Gia Hulelidze residing in the village of Arshan, Kazbegi region. Our communication with them during the study population Kazbek Shepherd, just lo ¬ amplified his passion. Within 2 years of Gia with family ties and friends able to focus in the flock of his father a good shepherd stock dogs. At the time he was a young breed dog named Garbanskih blood Chhuba (in Georgian - a fighter.) Chhuba was the son of a blood dog named When (the owner of the village Geladze Ghigo Garbani). Name Chhuba justified embeddable nature of this young dog. In one year and six months already Chhuba could easily deal with any secondary effect on an adult male. Gia loved it, and he strongly encouraged the fighting spirit in this Chhube. Especially because he had a good physique. It was a big dog with an increase of 75 cm at the withers, with a powerful chest and strong powerful jaws. Already two years, Gia began receiving in ¬ tomstvo from Chhuby and tried to raise the puppies in the urban condition ¬ tions, as he lived at a time in the city of Vladikavkaz (Ordzhonikidze). But all his efforts ended in failure. Unfortunately, puppies for ¬ bolevali enteritis and died. At that time, in our town was not qualified veterinarians, and help was not anyone. Soon died and Chhuba, which at that time was the flock in the mountains Khevsureti. And it all happened during one of pustovki Shepherd, Naho-divsheysya in Hulelidze flock. That evening in the mountains with a flock remained a shepherd and sheep dog. Next to a flock flock Hulelidze was from the village of Kazbegi region Ido, and there was a dog named Moore (from the Georgian - black face). Feeling the smell of heat, Moore joined the flock, where he was Chhuba, and got into a fight between them. According to Shepherd, he had never seen such a fight. The man did not prevent this fight, because he feared pocus, poor knowledge of both males. The battle lasted about half an hour. Dogs get tired, rest for a while, and then continued to fight. The shepherd had to go to a nearby flock, to call people, and only after that they were able to separate sticks for catching the sheep and wounded two emaciated dogs. The next day, seeing that Chhuba is wounded and not get up, shepherd, having examined him, I realized that the hardest one ear and wounded. In the shed was creolin bathing sheep and shepherd, without hesitation, he decided to pour undiluted creolin on a torn ear. Whether what creolin the pocket in the ear and burned all the tissue, whether from wounds inflicted, but Chhuba, tormented a few hours, died. He never left behind a worthy offspring. Life is harsh shepherd shepherds and absurdities often killed prominent individuals. Gia for a long time could not without tears, remember your pet. But as time passed, and he bought in the village Kanobi four-bitch named the Quran. She was an intermediate type of hair, brown color, with a powerful breed of head and body. Striking was the girth of the chest: it was 96 cm during the growth of 69 cm at the withers. When the Koran zapustovala, Gia took her in for the winter parking Kochubey flocks happened to Komshey. She gave birth to three puppies, one male and two females. He left his dog, one bitch gave to his friend Yura Kukishvili, and another - Temirova Taras. Taras took the puppy in the gorge to the village Digorsky Matsuta (North Ossetia), where his parents. At the time, Temirova Taras in the village lived Matsuta male 6 years old, nicknamed kiddy. Male was an amazing beauty and harmony. According to Taras, he traded it in on a sheep herders, herding a flock at the pass Crusade, when the kiddy was two months. In 1985 Taras took us to the village Matsuta evaluate your pet, who was then 5 years. Kiddy surpassed all our expectations. This magnificent animal was the very embodiment of the standard of beauty and harmony!
Short-haired coat type, large, 74 cm at the withers, showy and proud, powerful, full of harmony and strength, athletic dog. With a large head, with excellent proportions, clean lines. With dark eyes staring boldly. With a powerful, somewhat smallish neck, with a wide ¬ rokoy withers, outstanding on a strong topline. With well-developed breasts. With the right structure and put the limbs. With strong and confident movements. Sable, red color. Calm and confident. The embodiment of strength and nobility.
Photo 26. Temirov Beslan was a kiddy I985 with. Matsuta. North. Ossetia Kiddy child with a collar did not know, of course, never been on a leash, got good food and grew up in a beautiful belly ¬ Noah. Well guarded house and farm. Fine featured alien animals and not let him to his house. And he knew everything, down to the last chicken, its economy. But, unfortunately, all Digorsky gorge was not worthy to get a good pair of progeny from kiddy. It was decided to pick up as much as possible kiddy rock bitches.
Photo 27. Kiddy
Photo 28. Kiddy
Photo 29. Kiddy.
Photo 30. Temirov Taras and kiddy. In 1985, we had information that the canyon Zaki (North Ossetia) is worth a lot of flocks. In particular, the flocks of collective and state farms in North Ossetia, in which the self-employed work Kazbegi shepherds. On an old car we drove there. A trip to the gorge Zaki remember us for life. Zakinskoe Valley, stretching for several kilometers, have been safe havens for herding the sheep - the mountain slopes are covered with alpine grasses. On the morning of flocks raised in the mountains, and the evening flowed like white threads in the Valley on vacation. We were lucky once. At the entrance to the gorge on the right side of the road is a station of herdsmen. In the parking lot and a few were shepherd dogs. We immediately noted a large, short-haired female light fawn. It was evident that it is empty, as it should for two males, one lighter and smaller, and another much more massive and bigger. Within a short time observing them, it became clear that the leader is not a big dog, but one that is smaller. We summoned the shepherd, to inquire about the Shepherds. The guy was an Ossetian, and he worked with herders Kazbegi. At our request, he called a bitch, so we can better consider it. The closer Shepherd, the wider our eyes opened up. Chita (the name of the dog) was a magnificent animal. Large, 70 cm at the withers, girth of the head of 56 cm, 9.5 cm length muzzles head length 26 cm Bite - undershot without waste. Bust 90cm cannon bone girth 13.5 cm photos and measurements were made later. The first was the question - what day pustovki in Chita? It turned out that the fifth or sixth day - we were lucky again. In our view, there was not a decent pair to Chita, and we offered to give it to us for a few months to mate with the kiddy. Shepherd explained that this female belongs to the shepherds of Kazbegi district, the owner name Jumber, and it is further into the gorge, where the sheep in the flock believes. We drove a little over a kilometer deep into the gorge, and saw the shepherds, sheep counting. There was also Dzhumber. Our proposal Dzhumber received with skepticism, but doubted a long time, in the end, we managed to persuade him. He wrote a note to shepherd the Ossetian, that he gave the Chita and interaction with pleasure ¬ answered a few questions given us. It turned out that Chita 8 years, and that was the last time she gave birth to pups that died a few days after birth. But then we did not attach any importance to this. Another issue which we are very interested in why a small dog
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